Why is open source software so popular today? You might think it's about money, open standards or interoperability. Ultimately, however, the most important factor behind the success of open source is its ability to offer control — or the allusion of it, at least — to people who use it.

Explaining Open Source Software's Popularity

To understand this point, let's take a look at conventional explanations for why open source has become so popular.

It you look at sources like this, this or this that attempt to explain why open source is attractive to organizations today, you'll notice that the answers center around the following:

The Control Factor

All of the above are important reasons that help to explain the popularity of open source.

I'd argue, however, that the very most important reason is not on that list — or most of the lists you can find of explanations for the rise of open source.

The most important factor is that open source software (and free software) gives users a feeling of control over the software they use.

I don't mean simply control in the sense that they can study and contribute to the code. That's obviously important to some open source users.

However, it's a safe bet that the majority of people who use open source software don't actually understand code. They can't inspect or fix it.

I'd also venture a guess that the vast majority of users of major open source platforms don't modify them, even if they have the skills to do so. People using Firefox, LibreOffice, Apache HTTP, Docker or any other popular open source platform tend to use the stock version. They don't generally customize it and recompile the code.

For these reasons, it's hard to argue that people like open source software primarily because they want to study or customize it. In most cases, they lack the expertise to do these things. And even people who have that expertise usually choose not to take advantage of it.

Yet the fact remains that users of open source software could modify it if they wanted. With closed-source software, they don't have that ability. This is the difference that truly matters because it means open source users have a feeling of control over the code they use — even if they don't exercise that control.

When you think about it, it makes sense that people would crave control over software. Software runs our lives, and in many senses the way it works is mysterious and uncertain. Even if you can view the source code of the software you use, many unknowns remain. There is no certain relationship between source code and the way software works because compilers can translate code in different ways, different machines can execute it in different ways and so on.

So, if you want to understand what really drives people to invest in open source code, I think the answer is a desire to feel some sense of control — or the possibility of control, at least — over their digital lives. This yearning for open code will only increase as our digital lives grow ever more complicated.